Pseudomonas, Burkholderia and Stenotrophomonas

Overview Pseudomonas Differentiate between Proteus and Pseudomonas. Citing their family, species, virulence factors, Diseases and lab characteristics Proteus Pseudomonas Family Enterobacteriaciae Pseudomonadaceae Virulence factors Urease, Fimbriae, Flagella, LPS, Hemolysins O and H antigen, Pili, Flagella and Alginate, Exotoxin A S…

Enterobacteriaciae

Overview Escherichia coli Klebsiella In a tabular format, illustrate the biochemical differences between Klebsiella spp. organisms VP = Vogues Proskauer Lact = Lactose fermentation Ure = Urease Cit = Citrate Mal = Maltose utilization LDC = Lysine decarboxylase Test VP…

Gram Negative Cocci

Neisseria Differentiate between Neisseria meningitidis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Characteristics Neisseria meningitidis Neisseria gonorrhoeae Capsulation Capsulated Non- capsulated Mode of transmission Respiratory droplets Sexual contact, during birth, and handling specimens aseptically Diseases caused Meningitis, meningococcemia Gonorrhea (STI), conjunctivitis, acute perihepatitis in…

Mycobacterium

In a tabular format, list the difference between primary and post-primary TB lesions Primary Post-primary Local lesion Small Large Lymphatic involvement Yes Minimal Cavity formation Rare Frequent Tuberculin reactivity Initially negative Positive Infectivity Uncommon Usual Site Any Apical region Local…

Gram Positive Bacilli

Bacillus Clostridium Compare and contrast the paralysis caused by Clostridium botulinum and Clostridium tetani Tetanus Botulism Toxin Tetanospasmin and tetanolysin Botulinum toxin MOA Cleaves SNARE proteins in Renshaw cells to cause unhibited a-motor neuron contraction Cleaves SNARE proteins in a-motor…

Gram Positive Cocci

Staphylococci Choose one clinical condition associated with Staphylococcus aureus and discuss its pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, laboratory diagnosis and antimicrobial treatment. Clinical condition Pathogenesis Clinical manifestations 1. Toxic Shock Syndrome Females using tampons, individuals with wounds, patients with nasal packaging, TSST-1…

Introduction to Bacteriology

What are the differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes? Prokaryotes Eukaryotes Circular DNA without proteins Complex of DNA with proteins Nucleoid and plasma Nucleus and mitochondrial DNA Ribosomes are absent Ribosomes are present Cytoplasmic organelles are absent Cytoplasmic organelles are present…

Guillain-Barre Syndrome

Overview Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS) is a heterogenous group of conditions characterised by immune-mediated destruction of peripheral nerves (cranial nerves can be involved as well). Acute paralysis and diminished tendon reflexes are a hallmark for the condition. Commonly, symptoms arise after…