Dr. Jeffrey Kalei

Choanal atresia is a congenital defect in which the openings that connect the nasal cavity to the nasopharynx (choanae) are occluded, either by soft tissue, bone, or both. (90% bony, 10% membranous and 5% mixed) It is more common in…

Congenital Neck Masses Location Typical age Physical exam Treatment Thyroglossal duct cyst Midline School-aged Firm, Non-tender, Elevates with tongue protrusion Surgical excision Branchial cleft cyst Anterior triangle, pre-auricular School-aged Firm, non-tender Surgical excision Cystic hygroma Posterior triangle Infant Diffuse neck…

Pharyngitis is infection and inflammation of the pharynx. It is usually viral. Bacterial pharyngitis is associated with Streptococcus pyogenes (will not have a significant cough) Modified Centor Criteria CENTOR Component C Cough absent E Exudate (pharyngeal) N Nodes (tender, cervical)…

Epistaxis is bleeding from inside the nose. It is a common ENT emergency that is seen in all age groups. Almost 90% of the population will have an episode of epistaxis. Plexuses involved in epistaxis Plexus Description Kiesselbach’s plexus Formed…

Overview NPC is the second most common head and neck cancer in Kenya. It has a high incidence in Southern China and a moderate incidence in Kenya and Northern Africa. Areas with high incidence have a single peak incidence at…

Acute Rhinosinusitis Acute sinusitis is inflammation of the sinus cavities of the skull. Inflammation results in blockage, build-up of fluid, and pressure. It is most commonly viral. If symptoms last for more than 7-10 days it suggests a bacterial etiology,…