Overview (Failure to Pass Meconium) Hallmark sx on neonatal bowel obstruction include: Failure to pass mconium in 24 hours, Abdominal distention, Reluctance to feed, AND Bilious vomiting. If there is failure to pass meconium: Esophageal atresia/Tracheoesophageal fistula Esophageal atresia involves…...
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Overview Neonatal jaundice refers to yellowness o the skin and mucous membranes due to elevated bilirubin within the first 28 days of life. Every baby should be examined for jaundice in bright natural light if possible. (sclera, gum, palm, and…...
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General Approach to Neonatal Respiratory Disorders Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome (NRDS) MCC of respiratory distress in the preterm neonate (keep this in mind when you have a preterm neonate with respiratory distress). Diagnosis is by clinical presentation and CXR. Use…...
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When is the baby ready for feeding? Baby is typically fed within 6 hours after birth (may need to wake up baby to feed. If the mother is planning on breastfeeding the baby should be put to the breast within…...
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Risk factors for Birth Injuries Soft-tissue injuries of the head Cephalohematoma Collection of blood between the periosteum and skull bone (thus hematoma is imited by the suture lines. Commonly seen in the occipital bone and 5-20% of infants have an…...
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Overview The nursery exam is done in the nursery or NICU within 24 hours of birth to identify any abnormalities or anomalies that may impact the infant’s current or future well-being. Some anomalies may not be visible grossly so blood…...
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Choanal atresia is a congenital defect in which the openings that connect the nasal cavity to the nasopharynx (choanae) are occluded, either by soft tissue, bone, or both. (90% bony, 10% membranous and 5% mixed) It is more common in…...
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Congenital Neck Masses Location Typical age Physical exam Treatment Thyroglossal duct cyst Midline School-aged Firm, Non-tender, Elevates with tongue protrusion Surgical excision Branchial cleft cyst Anterior triangle, pre-auricular School-aged Firm, non-tender Surgical excision Cystic hygroma Posterior triangle Infant Diffuse neck…...
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Overview The larynx is the second most common site of head and neck cancer. It accounts for 1-5% of all malignancies. The mean age of laryngeal cancer presentation is 40-70 years. It has a 5-year survival rate of 65%. Sites…...
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Pharyngitis is infection and inflammation of the pharynx. It is usually viral. Bacterial pharyngitis is associated with Streptococcus pyogenes (will not have a significant cough) Modified Centor Criteria CENTOR Component C Cough absent E Exudate (pharyngeal) N Nodes (tender, cervical)…...
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