- List the developmental stages of the lungs in utero
- Embryonic stage
- Pseudoglandular stage
- Canalicular stage
- Saccular stage
- Alveolar stage
- Describe the stages of lung maturation
- Pseudoglandular stage: Endodermal tubules, Terminal bronchioles, Pulmonary arteries and veins form
- Canalicular stage: Terminal bronchioles, Respiratory bronchioles, Alveolar ducts, Expansion of pulmonary capillary beds form
- Saccular stage: Alveolar ducts, Terminal sacs, Pneumocytes I and II form
- Alveolar stage: Terminal sacs, Adult alveoli, Secondary septation and alveolar multiplication occurs
- Briefly describe the development of the larynx
- The epithelial lining of the larynx develops from endoderm of laryngotracheal tube
- The Laryngeal cartilage develops from mesenchyme derived from neural crest cells
- Arytenoid swellings appear at the cranial end of the laryngotracheal tube
- These swellings grow towards the tongue and convert the primordial glottis into a T-shaped laryngeal inlet
- The Laryngeal epithelium proliferates and recanalizes by the 10th week forming ventricles and recesses bounded by the vocal folds and vestibular folds
- The Epiglottis develops from the caudal part of the hypopharyngeal eminence
- The Laryngeal muscles develop from myoblasts in the 4th and 6th branchial arches
