Adenomyosis is uterine enlargement caused by focal or diffuse ectopic rests of endometrial tissue within the myometrium. Pathogenesis is not fully understood. Most likely due to direct invasion of the…...
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Endometriosis is the presence of endometrial glands and stroma outside the normal location, excluding adenomyosis. It is a hormonally dependent disease, and therefore commonly presents as cyclical pelvic pain. Prevents…...
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Overview Cervical cancer rates are highest in Sub-saharan Africa. Cervical cancer is the 3rd most common cancer in women worldwide and the 2nd most common cause of cancer-related deaths in…...
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Cervical cysts Cervical cysts need not be removed unless they are symptomatic or interfere with pap testing. Benign lesion Description Nabothian cyst Clear to yellow-white elevations of the endocervix or…...
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Overview Trichomoniasis Candida vaginitis Bacterial vaginosis Physical Exam Erythema and irritation Erythema and irritation Unremarkable Discharge Yellow-green, malodorous “Cottage-cheese” like Gray/White, “fishy Wet mount “Motile, flagellated protozoa Nothing Clue cells…...
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Overview The vagina is a cylindrical tube that runs from the cervix to the vulva. Rugae provide a stretching probability which is useful during childbirth. Vaginal Foreign Body Something in…...
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Overview Vulvar carcinoma (squamous cell) can occur anywhere from the mons pubis to the perianal region. It is rare (3-5% of gynaecologic cancers). The incidence of Vulvar Carcinoma in Situ…...
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Anatomy of the Vulva Epidermal Inclusion Cyst Epidermal inclusion cysts are caused by the proliferation of epidermal cells within a circumscribed area of the dermis which results in plugging of…...
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Overview Disorder Features Management Lichen simplex chronicus Thickened, discolored epithelium caused by chronic scratching. Leathery appearance. Medium-potency corticosteroid (Betamethasone) Lichen sclerosis Symmetric thinning of labial skin (cigarette paper or parchment-like),…...
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Overview Sympathetic outflow works to favor relaxation of the bladder (reduces intravesicular pressure) and constriction of the neck and urethra (increases intraurethral pressure) favoring urinary retention. Parasympathetic outflow stimulates contraction…...
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