Ophthalmology Comprehensive Quiz
Test your knowledge on Ophthalmology by answering the questions provided in this quiz.
1.
A 72-year-old woman presents with gradual loss of central vision and difficulty reading. On examination, the Snellen chart shows decreased visual acuity compared to her previous visit. An Amsler grid test reveals distortion in the central area. What is the most appropriate next step in diagnosis and management for this patient?
2.
In a patient with anterior uveitis, which of the following drugs would be most appropriate to break down synechiae and manage pain?
3.
What is the most common cause of acute dacryoadenitis?
4.
Which of the following findings is most indicative of chronic hypertensive retinopathy?
5.
Which investigation is most appropriate to rule out tuberculosis in a patient with chronic dacryoadenitis?
6.
A 55-year-old man with a history of poorly controlled hypertension presents with sudden vision changes and headache. On examination, his blood pressure is 210/120 mmHg. Ophthalmoscopy reveals cotton wool spots, flame hemorrhages, and papilledema. What is the most appropriate immediate management for this patient?
7.
What visual field test is most likely to reveal distortion or loss of peripheral vision in retinal detachment?
8.
What is the most common initial presentation of retinoblastoma?
9.
Which of the following is a symptom of proliferative diabetic retinopathy?
10.
Which of the following conditions is a common differential diagnosis for dacryoadenitis presenting with an S-shaped swelling over the upper eyelid?
11.
Which of the following symptoms is least likely to be seen in a patient with acute dacryoadenitis?
12.
Which of the following best describes the site affected in anterior blepharitis?
13.
What is the primary treatment goal for a patient with acute hypertensive retinopathy?
14.
Which of the following layers is the outermost in the choroid?
15.
Which of the following is the most common complication of untreated acute dacryocystitis?
16.
Which syndrome associated with retinitis pigmentosa also includes hearing loss and balance problems?
17.
A 45-year-old male is evaluated for vision loss and is found to have retinitis pigmentosa. His treatment plan includes annual ophthalmologic exams and supplemental Vitamin A. His family is interested in understanding other possible interventions. Which of the following treatments is most appropriate for inclusion in his management plan?
18.
Which layer of the cornea is primarily affected in Fuchs endothelial dystrophy?
19.
Which visual aid is most beneficial for a patient with central vision loss due to AMD?
20.
The palpebral part of the orbicularis oculi muscle is responsible for which of the following actions?
21.
Which of the following is the most common cause of posterior uveitis?
22.
A 6-month-old infant is brought in with ocular asymmetry and proptosis. Fundoscopy reveals a dense, white, well-circumscribed mass in the left eye. CT imaging shows no extra-ocular extension. What is the most appropriate initial treatment for this infant?
23.
What is the most common presenting symptom in patients with keratoconus?
24.
Which of the following is the most characteristic finding of CMV retinitis on fundoscopy?
25.
A 50-year-old man with a history of hypertension comes for a routine eye exam. The exam reveals focal arteriolar narrowing and dot-blot hemorrhages, but he reports no vision changes. What is the most appropriate management for this patient's condition?
26.
Which of the following is a common complication of untreated acute dacryoadenitis?
27.
What is the most likely treatment for retinoblastoma if radiation and chemotherapy fail?
28.
A patient presents with itchy, irritated eyes and greasy flakes along the base of the eyelashes. Which type of blepharitis is most likely?
29.
What is the first line of treatment for acute dacryocystitis?
30.
A patient with primary open-angle glaucoma is being treated with a prostaglandin analogue. What is the primary goal of this treatment?
31.
A 45-year-old man with a 20-year history of diabetes presents with sudden vision loss in his right eye. He reports seeing floaters and flashes of light. On examination, he has signs of neovascularization at the optic disc and a history of vitreous hemorrhage. Which treatment would be most appropriate for this patient?
32.
What is the most likely clinical finding in a patient with acute dacryoadenitis caused by a bacterial infection?
33.
A 62-year-old female with a 15-year history of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus presents for a routine eye examination. She reports that her vision has become increasingly blurred over the past few months. On examination, there are hard exudates and retinal hemorrhages observed in the macula. What is the most appropriate next step in managing this patient’s condition?
34.
What is the primary prevention strategy for diabetic retinopathy?
35.
Which risk factor is most likely to increase the risk of retinal detachment?
36.
A patient with panuveitis is found to have a positive Mantoux test. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in management?
37.
In the treatment of posterior uveitis, which of the following is the best initial therapy to reduce inflammation?
38.
What is the most likely appearance of drusen in a patient with AMD?
39.
When should Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) patients have their first ophthalmologic examination?
40.
Which investigation is most appropriate to rule out orbital cellulitis in a patient with preseptal cellulitis?
41.
Which of the following is most likely to cause anterior uveitis in a patient with a history of ankylosing spondylitis?
42.
Which condition is most likely to cause tractional retinal detachment?
43.
A 4-year-old girl presents with strabismus and a recent history of worsening vision in her right eye. On examination, she has a white reflex in the right eye. Imaging shows that the tumor has extended beyond the eye into the optic nerve. What is the most appropriate management for this patient?
44.
Which of the following is a poor prognostic sign on a CT scan in a patient with orbital cellulitis?
45.
What ocular sign is most associated with Toxoplasma retinitis?
46.
Which of the following is a typical feature of seborrheic blepharitis?
47.
A 58-year-old man with a family history of glaucoma comes for a routine eye exam. His IOP is 22 mmHg, and the optic disc shows a cup-to-disc ratio of 0.6. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
48.
What is the most appropriate initial treatment for a viral cause of acute dacryoadenitis?
49.
A 55-year-old woman with a history of myopia and recent eye trauma presents with decreased peripheral vision, floaters, and photopsia in the left eye. Visual acuity is 20/30 in the left eye. Ocular ultrasound shows a detached retina. What is the most appropriate initial management for this patient?
50.
A 30-year-old woman with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus comes in for her annual eye exam. She has had diabetes for 10 years and is now experiencing difficulty seeing at night and some peripheral vision loss. On examination, there are microaneurysms and dot-blot hemorrhages noted. When should this patient have her next eye examination?
51.
Which of the following is the most common cause of keratoconus?
52.
Which of the following is the most common presenting symptom of chronic dacryocystitis?
53.
What is the most likely physical exam finding in a patient with retinal detachment?
54.
Which of the following is a complication of preseptal cellulitis that can be life-threatening?
55.
What is the most appropriate first step in diagnosing retinoblastoma?
56.
Which of the following clinical features is most characteristic of intermediate uveitis?
57.
Which of the following corneal dystrophies is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner?
58.
Which part of the uvea is primarily affected in anterior uveitis?
59.
In retinitis pigmentosa, which visual function is most severely affected according to the ERG findings?
60.
Which corneal layer is affected in a corneal dystrophy presenting with subepithelial opacities and recurrent erosions?
61.
A 45-year-old woman presents with swelling and pain in the inferomedial portion of her left eye, fever, and malaise. Examination reveals a tender, erythematous mass in the area, and pressure over the lacrimal sac causes mucopurulent discharge. Which of the following investigations is most indicated to confirm the diagnosis?
62.
Which of the following investigations is most appropriate for confirming the diagnosis of acute dacryoadenitis?
63.
A 58-year-old woman with a high cholesterol level presents with decreased contrast sensitivity and difficulty seeing faces. Ophthalmoscopy shows neovascularization and hemorrhage around the macula. What is the most appropriate treatment option for this patient?
64.
A patient with a misdirected eyelash causing irritation to the globe likely has:
65.
Which type of retinoblastoma accounts for the majority of cases?
66.
Which treatment is recommended for severe cases of blepharitis with significant conjunctival symptoms?
67.
What is the most common congenital cause of dacryocystitis in newborns?
68.
What percentage of patients typically require additional procedures after the first attempt at retinal reattachment surgery?
69.
A 60-year-old female presents with epiphora, pain, and swelling over the medial canthus of her right eye. Upon applying pressure to the area, there is a mucopurulent discharge. What is the most likely diagnosis?
70.
Which of the following layers of the ciliary body is most responsible for the production of aqueous humour?
71.
What is the most appropriate initial investigation for a patient with suspected chronic dacryocystitis?
72.
Which treatment is considered most effective for managing diabetic maculopathy?
73.
Which investigation is the most accurate for assessing the severity of retinitis pigmentosa?
74.
Which investigation is most appropriate in a patient with chronic dacryoadenitis and suspected autoimmune etiology?
75.
Which condition is most commonly associated with causing orbital cellulitis in children?
76.
Which of the following is a characteristic finding in a patient with primary open-angle glaucoma?
77.
What ocular pathology is most commonly associated with long-term diabetes?
78.
Which of the following factors does NOT increase the risk of developing glaucoma?
79.
What is the hallmark clinical sign of acute dacryoadenitis on physical examination?
80.
Which of the following is the most characteristic early symptom of retinitis pigmentosa?
81.
What is the most common age range for the diagnosis of retinoblastoma?
82.
Which of the following is a characteristic feature of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR)?
83.
Which of the following is a risk factor for dacryocystitis?
84.
Which of the following is the most common microorganism causing acute dacryocystitis?
85.
Which of the following is the most appropriate first-line treatment for chronic angle-closure glaucoma?
86.
What is the most appropriate initial treatment for a patient diagnosed with preseptal cellulitis without systemic involvement?
87.
Which type of retinal detachment is most commonly associated with normal senescent changes in the vitreous?
88.
What is the most likely finding in an ophthalmoscopic exam of a patient with retinitis pigmentosa?
89.
A 2-year-old child presents with a white reflex in the pupil of the left eye. The child has no family history of retinoblastoma. An ophthalmoscopic examination under general anesthesia reveals a tumor in the left eye. What is the most likely diagnosis and next step in management?
90.
Which risk factor is most associated with the development of age-related macular degeneration?
91.
What is the most likely cause of retinal detachment associated with CMV retinitis in immunocompromised patients?
92.
Which of the following is the most important initial step for managing diabetic retinopathy in a patient newly diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM)?
93.
Which ocular condition is most likely to be associated with a history of exposure to cat litter and undercooked meat?
94.
A 15-year-old girl presents with difficulty seeing in low light and is frequently bumping into objects in dimly lit environments. She also has a history of hearing loss and balance problems. Her family history reveals that her father had similar symptoms. Ophthalmologic examination shows bullseye maculopathy. The ERG shows severe rod loss. Which syndrome should be considered in this patient?
95.
A 5-month-old infant is brought to the clinic with jaundice, hepatosplenomegaly, and a history of a rash. Fundoscopy reveals numerous white, fluffy lesions in the retina. What is the most likely diagnosis and appropriate initial management for this infant?
96.
Which of the following is a hallmark ophthalmoscopic finding of chronic hypertensive retinopathy?
97.
A patient with a history of sun exposure presents with an ulcerated lesion on the lower eyelid that does not heal. What is the most likely diagnosis?
98.
A 65-year-old woman presents with sudden onset of severe ocular pain, blurred vision, and nausea. On examination, her intraocular pressure (IOP) is found to be 55 mmHg. Which of the following is the most appropriate initial treatment?
99.
What is the most common presenting symptom of retinal detachment?
100.
A patient with diabetes mellitus presents with a painful, erythematous mass on the eyelid with surrounding cellulitis. What is the best initial treatment?
