Overview Microcytic anemia is characterized by low hemoglobin and low mean corpuscular volume. It is very important to confirm the cause of anemia, starting with a peripheral blood smear and…...
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Anaemia is defined as a decrease in red cell mass as evidenced by low haemoglobin concentration in blood below the reference range for a given age or sex in a…...
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Centrifugation Serum Plasma Definition Liquid that remains after blood has clotted Liquid that remains when clotting is prevented Preparation Centrifuge clotted blood Centrifuge whole blood with anticoagulant Fibrinogen Absent Present…...
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Pelvic Inflammatory Disease Pelvic inflammatory disease is a subacute to chronic infectious disease that affects the upper female reproductive tract. The most common causative organism is C. trachomatis, but most…...
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PCOS is a genetic, hormonal, metabolic, *and *reproductive disorder. It is the most common endocrine disorder of women in reproductive age. Etiology is unknown but there is a genetic component.…...
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Overview Benign mass Malignant mass Size < 8cm > 8cm Consistency Cystic Solid or mixed Solid component None Nodular, Papilary Sepatations None or single Multilocular, thick Doppler Negative Positive Laterality…...
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Fibroids are benign smooth muscle neoplasms arising from myometrial cells. Usually clinically insignificant but VERY common (it is the most common benign tumour in women). Average growth is 0.5 cm…...
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Endometrial cancer is the most common cancer of the female genital tract and the fourth most common cause of cancer overall in women. 3% of women will develop endometrial cancer…
Endometrial hyperplasia is endometrial thickening with a proliferation of irregularly sized and shaped glands. Tends to be symptomatic in post-menopausal women. Endometrial hyperplasia in a post-menopausal woman (around 10mm) would…...
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Adenomyosis is uterine enlargement caused by focal or diffuse ectopic rests of endometrial tissue within the myometrium. Pathogenesis is not fully understood. Most likely due to direct invasion of the…...
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