Overview Most patients with HIV are asymptomatic but some present with a flu-like illness in the weeks following exposure. Transmission HIV is spread parentally via infected body fluids (sexual contact,…...
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Pilonidal Disease Pilonidal means “nest of hair”. Pilonidal disease refers to an abscess, cyst or sinus in the intergluteal cleft, often containing hair or other debris. They commonly occur along…...
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Anatomy of the Anal Canal Above the dentate line Below the dentate line Origin Hindgut (Endoderm) Cloaca (Ectoderm) Epithelium Simple columnar Non-keratinizing stratified squamous Arterial supply Superior rectal artery br.…...
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Summary of important cognitive milestones Age Milestones 1 month old Reacts to voice, established eye contact 2 months old Tracks object 180* 4 months old Recognizes hand 6 months old…...
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Approach to Unexplained Seizures Patients with epilepsy are physically normal and asymptomatic between events Elements of a seizure Prodrome Precedes the seizure and last hours to days. Changes in mood…...
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Approach to Chest pain with Shortness of Breath Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) DVT is the formation of a clot in a deep vein (thigh > calf > upper extremity). 50-70%…...
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Overview Asthma is an acute or sub-acute inflammation of the airways, precipitated by a variety of factors that result in bronchial hyperactivity and airway obstruction. The cause is idiopathic. Varies…...
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How fractures occur A fracture is a break in the structural continuity of bone. Simply put, it is a broken bone. Types of fractures Type Description Complete fracture Bone is…...
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Overview of Hyperthyroidism Hyperthyroidism is an elevation of thyroid hormone (T3 and T4). Classification Classification Description Examples Primary hyperthyroidism Elevated thyroid hormone due to increased autonomous production by the thyroid…...
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Overview Acute complications of Diabetes Mellitus can be split into Hyperglycemic crises and Hypoglycemia. Hyperglycemic crises include Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) and Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic State (HHS). DKA and HHS have distinctly…...
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