Transient Tachypnea of the Newborn (TTN) Mild, temporary respiratory distress d/t retained fluid in the foetal lungs – which is a function of how the baby was delivered. It is a self-limited condition resolves within 72 hours. MCC of neonatal…
Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome (NRDS) Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS) is the most common cause of respiratory distress in preterm neonates. Diagnosis is by clinical presentation and Chest X-ray. Use of antenatal steroids reduces RDS by an average of 40%.…
Overview Dehydration is a potentially life threatening condition in which the body has an insufficient amount of water for normal functioning. Volume depletion refers to the loss of electrolytes and water. 7-8 % of body weight is comprised of blood.…
Cerebral Palsy Cerebral palsy is a neurological disorder caused by non-progressive brain injury or malformation resulting in permanent neurological damage. This occurs when the child’s brain is developing. Body movement and muscle coordination is primarily affected. The most common cause…
Refeeding syndrome Refeeding syndrome refers to complications that occur as a result of fluid and electrolyte changes during nutritional rehabilitation of severly ill and malnourished patients. One common complication is severe hypophosphatemia. The most common cause of death in refeeding…
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) ADHD is characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity and/or impulsivity that is inconsitent with the patient’s developmental age and results in difficulty functioning in at least two settings (at home, school or work). At least 6…
DSM-V Criteria for Autism Spectrum Disorder Persistent deficits in social communciation and social interactions across multiple contexts Restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests – at least 2 of below Pervasive Developmental Disorders Autism Spectrum Disorder Autism is derived from the…
What cannot be communicated to the mother, cannot be communicated to the self – John Bowlby Changes DSM-IV to DSM-V Overview Mental health in childhood and adolescence is defined as the achievement of expected developmental, cognitive, social, and emotional milestones,…
Catha edulis Catha edulis is an amphetamine/like a drug with psychoactive + sympathomimetic effects. The main chemical component is cathinone, tannins, and norephedrine. It can be chewed or consumed as a juice, and is commonly taken with other drugs e.g.…
Cocaine Cocaine blocks the uptake of serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine in the synaptic cleft (in the reward pathway) causing a stimulant effect. Amphetamines Amphetamines block the reuptake and facilitate the release of dopamine and norepinephrine from nerve endings causing a…